An-Gels of Insulation

The Northwest experiences cold harsh winters and hot dry summers. These weather conditions dictate a large demand for heating and cooling during various times of the the year. One proposed way of reducing the required power generation is to employ more effective insulation into buildings. Before an installation effort is made, the performance of different types of insulation must be measured and its thermal resistance obtained.

Problem Definition
In 2015, about 40% of total U.S. energy consumption was consumed in residential and commercial buildings. Most existing buildings in the US were built before building energy efficiency was a concern, and most of these buildings will still be in use for quite some time. They are not built with energy savings in mind. It is of great interest to decrease their heat loss in the least intrusive and least expensive way possible. A probable, and perhaps inexpensive way to lower the heat loss of buildings is to retrofit them with improved insulation. The alternative is to overhaul a buildings HVAC network, which can be expensive and intrusive. This team aims to characterize the performance of various types of insulation.

Background
Common insulation used in buildings are shown below in the table.



Due to the low thermal conductivity and low density, aerogel appears to be an effective method of increasing the thermal resistance of a building. A previous study was implemented at the University of Kansas to investigate the effects of aerogel insulation in a simple panel versus a different form of insulation. The results of their experiment indicated that heat loss could be lowered by about 16 percent of a more traditional polyester insulation.

Methodology
Temperature gradients will be observed in a simulated room model using aerogel, R max thermosheath, simple carpet, and plywood. Hobo temperature sensors will be used to measure and record the temperature at several points both within and without the simulated wall. Measurements will be taken in 5 second intervals. The beginning of the experiment will consist of lighting two simple candles within the box. Once the candles have been verified to be lit, the box will be sealed. The box will have several air holes in order to provide enough oxygen for the candles to remain lit. A waiting period of 30 minutes will be used to allow the box to reach steady state conditions. Once steady state conditions have been reached, the holes in the box will be covered with aluminum tape.The tape cuts off the oxygen and extinguishes the candles. Another waiting period of 60 minutes will occur. During this time, the heat will leave the box. At the conclusion of the experiment, the data will be plotted to establish a temperature profile over time. These temperature profiles can be compared for the various insulation materials and conclusions can be drawn to help characterize their performance.

Specifications
The table below outlines the specification for the project. They define the type of equipment required and outlines the expectations of all parts of the project.

Deliverables
The team will deliver several different things from this study. First, a reusable box with easily removable panels will be delivered the the University of Idaho Department of Mechanical Engineering for further use in other experimentation classes. Second, temperature data taken over time will be used to compare the performance of various types of insulation. Third, a discussion on the results will take place and a conclusion will be presented.

Temperature Data
Aerogel vs R-max Thermo Sheath. Although their steady state temperatures are different, the temperature decay profile of the Aerogel appears to be slower over the course of an hour